Terms starting with "T"

Tax Bill A tax bill is proposed legislation that creates, changes, or repeals tax rules, rates, deductions, credits, or other provisions affecting how taxes are assessed or collected. Like other bills, a tax bill must pass both chambers in identical form and be presented to the President, unless another constitutional process applies. Taxing Power The federal taxing power is Congress’s constitutional authority to impose and collect taxes to support the federal government and carry out its responsibilities. The power is subject to constitutional limits, including specific restrictions on certain taxes. Taxpayer Standing Taxpayer standing concerns whether a person may challenge government action in court solely because they pay taxes. Federal courts generally reject standing based only on a person's status as a federal taxpayer, though the Supreme Court has recognized a narrow exception in certain Establishment Clause challenges to congressional taxing-and-spending measures. Temporary Restraining Order A temporary restraining order (TRO) is a judge's short-term order forbidding certain actions until a fuller hearing can be held. Per the federal courts' glossary, it is akin to a preliminary injunction but lasts only briefly, and under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(b) it expires within 14 days unless the court extends it. A TRO may issue without advance notice to the other side only if the movant shows immediate irreparable harm and certifies the efforts made to give notice. Tenure Tenure is the period or legal status under which a person holds a position or office. For federal judges appointed under Article III, the Constitution provides tenure during good behavior, subject to the constitutional removal process. Term Term is a court and legal-process term used to describe cases, court authority, legal procedure, judicial review, opinions, or public legal records. Table In congressional procedure, to table a motion, amendment, or measure generally means to set it aside. Depending on the chamber and the question, a successful motion to table often disposes of the pending matter without a direct vote on its underlying merits. The exact effect depends on the procedural context. Tariff A tariff is a tax or duty imposed on goods when they cross a national border, most commonly on imports. Tariffs can raise government revenue, affect trade flows, or be used as part of trade policy. Task Force A task force is a group assembled to address a defined problem or assignment. Government task forces may bring together officials from multiple agencies, subject-matter experts, or community representatives. Their authority, membership, duration, and reporting duties depend on the order or law that creates them.