Deliberation

Deliberation is the process of carefully considering evidence, arguments, and options before reaching a decision. In a jury trial, deliberation is the jury’s private discussion of the evidence and the court’s instructions before returning a verdict. Legislatures and other public bodies may also deliberate under their own rules.

Example: After a criminal trial concludes, jurors deliberate in private and decide whether the prosecution has proved each required element beyond a reasonable doubt.

Common misconception: Deliberation is the same as the public trial or hearing. It is the decision-making stage after the evidence and arguments have been presented, and its confidentiality depends on the governing rules.

Sources: https://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/types-cases/jury-selection; https://www.uscourts.gov/glossary