Find the federal department, independent agency, bureau, or office connected to the service, record, rule, benefit, or public information you need.
Federal departments and agencies carry out laws, deliver services, write rules, publish data, manage grants and benefits, and provide official forms, records, and help portals.
Government works best when people can see how power is used and where decisions are made.
What Departments and Agencies Are
Federal departments and agencies are the administrative organizations that turn federal law into daily public work. They run benefit programs, inspect workplaces, issue grants, process applications, maintain records, enforce rules, publish data, operate public websites, and answer service requests. Some are Cabinet departments led by secretaries. Some are independent agencies or commissions created by statute. Some are bureaus inside a larger department.
Cabinet Departments
The 15 Cabinet departments are the largest executive departments. Each is led by a Secretary or, for the Department of Justice, the Attorney General. Those officials are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate. Cabinet departments often contain many bureaus and offices, so a visitor looking for a public service may need the department first and the specific bureau second.
State Diplomacy, foreign policy, passports, visas, and consular services.
Treasury Federal finance, IRS, tax administration, sanctions, and fiscal policy.
Defense Military departments, defense policy, combatant commands, and national defense administration.
Justice Federal law enforcement, litigation, prisons, civil rights enforcement, and legal representation.
Interior Public lands, natural resources, national parks, tribal affairs, and conservation.
Agriculture Food, farms, nutrition programs, rural development, forests, and agricultural markets.
Commerce Business, census, weather, patents, trade promotion, and economic data.
Labor Workplace standards, wages, job data, worker safety, and employment programs.
Health And Human Services Public health, Medicare, Medicaid, FDA, CDC, NIH, and human-services programs.
Housing And Urban Development Housing assistance, community development, fair housing, and urban policy.
Transportation Aviation, highways, rail, transit, pipelines, and transportation safety programs.
Energy Energy policy, national laboratories, nuclear security, electricity, and energy data.
Education Student aid, education data, civil rights in education, and federal education programs.
Veterans Affairs Veterans health care, benefits, cemeteries, claims, and veteran services.
Homeland Security Border, immigration, cybersecurity, emergency management, transportation security, and homeland protection.
Independent Agencies And Commissions
Independent agencies and commissions are created by Congress to carry out specialized duties. Some operate public services, like the Postal Service. Others regulate markets, enforce civil-rights or workplace laws, insure deposits, run archives, or publish data. Their independence varies. Some leaders serve fixed terms. Some boards are bipartisan by statute. Some still answer closely to presidential direction.
Postal Service Mail and package delivery, postal tools, post offices, and address services.
Federal Reserve Central banking, monetary policy, supervision, and financial-system stability.
EPA Environmental regulation, enforcement, data, permits, and public health protections.
SEC Securities markets, public-company disclosures, investor protection, and enforcement.
NLRB Union elections, unfair labor practice cases, and federal labor relations.
FTC Consumer protection, competition policy, privacy enforcement, and market fairness.
Bureaus And Operating Components
Many familiar federal offices are not standalone departments. They are bureaus, administrations, services, or operating components inside a parent department. The FBI sits inside the Department of Justice. The IRS sits inside Treasury. TSA and FEMA sit inside Homeland Security. CDC, FDA, NIH, and CMS sit inside Health and Human Services. The parent department matters because it affects budgets, leadership, oversight, and official source trails.
FBI Federal investigations, public tips, field offices, civil-rights enforcement, and national-security investigations.
IRS Taxes, refunds, credits, filing tools, taxpayer accounts, and federal tax administration.
FEMA Disaster aid, emergency management, preparedness, grants, and disaster declarations.
TSA Transportation security, checkpoints, travel rules, and passenger screening.
CDC Disease data, public-health guidance, outbreak monitoring, and health protection.
FDA Food, drugs, medical devices, safety alerts, approvals, and enforcement.
NOAA Weather, oceans, climate data, fisheries, satellites, and public forecasts.
Census Bureau Population counts, economic statistics, surveys, and data tools.
Agency Profile Directory
Use the searchable agency directory below to find the federal department, independent agency, bureau, or operating component connected to the service or record you need. Start with the public task: benefits, forms, licenses, records, complaints, datasets, grants, Act, the federal law that lets the public request many agency records.">FOIA offices, local offices, or official contact information. Open the agency profile for plain-English context and direct links to official sources.
How to use this page
Use Departments and Agencies without getting lost.
Agency pages work best when visitors begin with the public service, rule, record, benefit, or office they actually need.
Official starting points
Use these sources to check current text, records, deadlines, forms, votes, rules, or public notices.
Quick Link Guide
One-click access to other sections of the government education guide.
Guide To Government
Start with branches, powers, checks, records, and practical resources.
Congress
Lawmaking, representation, committees, and oversight.
Executive Branch
Presidency, agencies, and presidential actions.
Judicial Branch
Courts, cases, and court resources.
Federal Budget
Revenue, spending, deficits, debt, and shutdowns.
Elections
Voting, participation, and official election resources.
Government Resources
Official public service and self-help resources.
Glossary
Definitions, tooltips, and related pages.