Government Glossary

Discretionary Spending

Federal spending decided through the annual appropriations process.

Plain-English Meaning

Discretionary spending is the portion of the budget Congress revisits regularly through appropriations bills. It includes many defense, education, law enforcement, transportation, science, foreign affairs, and agency operating funds. In the Guide to Government, this term should be read in context: who has authority, what process applies, what official record shows the decision, and what limits or rights are involved.